Abstract: To avoid illegal application of nuclear materials, and enhance our country’s capability on nuclear materials control, this paper studied the reliability of radio frequency identification(RFID) technology in nuclear safeguards. The results show that applying a series of supplement measures, the interference effect resulted from the metal materials is eliminated, including nuclear materials to RFID system signals. Then the detection capability for target movement is improved. It makes RFID become a kind of effective technical means to secure nuclear materials.