无机锶吸附剂的制备及其应用

    Preparation of Inorganic Strontium Adsorbent and Its Application

    • 摘要: 为了去除放射性溶液中的90Sr,采用高锰酸钾和氯化锰的水溶液在pH=10~12、60℃的水浴中反应制备了一种MnO2吸附材料,并用X射线衍射法对其进行了初步分析和表征,该样品为α-MnO2和γ-MnO2的混合晶相。采用静态实验对该吸附剂进行研究,并将其与9种常见的天然锶吸附材料进行比较。结果表明:该吸附剂对90Sr的吸附效果明显好于常用天然吸附材料;其对90Sr的吸附速率非常快,约20 min即可吸附平衡,且具有较高的理论饱和吸附容量(Q≈0.52 mmol/g)和吸附分配系数(Kd),其典型Kd≈104 mL/g;随着硝酸浓度增加90Sr的Kd值迅速降低,当c(HNO3)=0.01 mol/L时,Kd≈6×103mL/g,而当c(HNO3)=0.1 mol/L时,Kd值仅为6 mL/g,降低了3个数量级;Na+、K+的含量对Kd值的影响较小,随其浓度增加Kd值缓慢降低,但Co2+、Ca2+对锶的Kd值具有较大的影响,随离子浓度增加Kd值快速减小。该吸附剂对模拟和真实放射性废液的90Sr动态去除实验结果表明,其对锶具有很好的吸附性能,可用于去除放射性废水中的90Sr。

       

      Abstract: In order to remove 90Sr from the liquid radioactive waste, a novel of inorganic adsorbent MnO2 was prepared through the reaction of potassium permanganate with manganese chloride in the pH=10-12 aqueous solution, under the 60℃ water bath condition. The material sample was characterized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction method. The adsorbent was studied through the static experimental test in details, and compared with several common natural strontium sorption materials. The results indicate that the adsorption effect of the adsorbent for 90Sr is obviously better than those of other sorption materials. The adsorption rate of the adsorbent for 90Sr is very fast, and the adsorption can reach equilibrium in about 20 min. The adsorbent has high theoretical saturated adsorption capacity (Q=0.52 mmol/g) and distribution coefficient (Kd). The typical Kd value is about 104 mL/g. The influence of HNO3, Na+, K+, Co2+ and Ca2+ concentration on the adsorption for 90Sr were studied in this paper. The results show that the Kd value decreases rapidly with increasing the concentration of HNO3, when the concentration of nitric acid is 0.01 mol/L, and the Kd value is about 6×103 mL/g. When the concentration of nitric acid is 0.1 mol/L, the Kd value is only 6 mL/g yet, that reduces 3 orders of magnitude. The content of monovalnet cations Na+, K+ have little effect on the Kd value. While the two divalent cations Co2+, Ca2+ have great influence on the Kd value, it rapidly decreases with the increase of ion concentration. At last, the adsorbent was used to remove the 90Sr in the simulated and real radioactive waste liquid by dynamic experiments respectively. The results prove that the adsorbent has excellent adsorption performance for strontium, and it has good application prospect on the removal of 90Sr from radioactive waste liquid.

       

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