Abstract: Aluminum is one of cladding materials for nuclear fuel. It is important to investigate the electrolytic dissolution of aluminum in nitric acid. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, polarization curve and cyclic voltammetry cure of anodic aluminum electrode in nitric acid under various conditions were collected. It turns out, under steady state, the thickness of the passivated film of aluminum decreases with temperature while increases with the concentration of aluminum nitrate. As the concentration of nitric acid increases, the thickness of the film decreases first and then increases. Under the polarization current, increasing of temperature, as well as the concentration of nitric acid and aluminum nitrate can facilitate the breakdown of the film, thus anodic dissolution occurs. The dissolution rate is only proportional to electric current, and a current efficiency of 0.4 g/(A•h) can be obtained. Our results provide theoretical foundations for developing electrolytic dissolution technology for aluminum-based nuclear fuel head end process.