质谱在锕系配位化学研究中的应用

    Mass Spectrometric Studies on the Chemistry of Actinide Coordination Complexes

    • 摘要: 锕系配位化合物不仅是乏燃料后处理所涉及的重要物种,也是探究锕系元素性质对化合物结构特征与反应规律影响的重要模型,因此对于这类配合物体系开展研究是十分必要的。处于气相中的锕系配合物离子由于溶剂分子、伴阴离子等环境因素得到了有效的控制,它们的化学行为更准确地体现出锕系元素内在性质的影响。本文将对近五年来质谱方法在气相锕系配合物的制备、表征和反应机理研究方面所取得的主要研究成果进行介绍。

       

      Abstract: Actinide coordination complexes are not only important species involved in nuclear fuel cycle, but also serve as model systems from which the influence of 5f electron as well as relativistic effect on the structures and reactivities of actinide complexes can be derived. Investigations on actinide coordination complexes in solution are usually complicated due to the presence of solvent molecules and counterpart anions, while all these effects could be under control when the coordination chemistry of actinide complexes is probed in the gas phase. With the help of various gas phase dissociation techniques, ion-molecule reactions as well as quantum chemical calculations, the intrinsic properties of actinide elements and their influences on the gas phase chemistry of actinide complexes are unveiled. Herein, recent progresses on multiply charged actinide complexes, actinyl oxidation and activation, actinyl-crown ether complexes, spectator-ligand-addition induced reaction and effective charge densities of actinyls are presented. The discussion is mainly focused on the formation, characterization and reaction mechanism of these actinide coordination complexes.

       

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