Abstract: The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant(FDNPP) accident was rated at the maximum level of 7 on the International Nuclear Event Scale by the international society. This paper reviews the development of chemical analysis work for radioactive aerosols released during the early stages of the accident in many countries after the FDNPP accident, and reveals these aerosol particles bearing radionuclides, such as Cs, Pu, Xe and I. In this paper, some physical-chemical characterization and dynamic behaviors of radioactive aerosols with a few points, including particles sampling and collection, particles analysis and characterization, particles transport and deposition behavior, and identical accident comparison have been conducted.