Abstract: Sodium ¹⁸F-fluoride is a radioactive diagnostic agent for positron emission tomography (PET) indicated for imaging of bone to define areas of altered osteogenic activity, especially used to diagnosis of tumor bone metastases. The characteristics of sodium ¹⁸F fluoride PET bone imaging are high sensitivity and high specific, and it can earlier find more lesions that ⁹⁹Tc^m-methylene diphosphonate (⁹⁹Tc^m-MDP) single-photon emission computed tomography（SPECT） imaging can not find. It is very important to the choice of tumor treatment plan and prognosis. Moreover, sodium ¹⁸F-fluoride can be used to effectively identify vulnerable coronary atherosclerotic plaque. This review provides a critical and thorough overview of the preparation, quality control, pharmacological effects, radiation safety and clinical application of PET imaging agent sodium ¹⁸F-fluoride.