Abstract: Effective enrichment and separation of uranium is of great significance to the sustainable development of nuclear energy. In this respect, adsorption is considered one of the important methods, and sorbents play a key role in achieving efficient separation. This review introduces the research on the bio-inspired polydopamine(PDA) chemistry mediated synthesis of uranium sorbents in recent years. The first section of the article discusses the basic principle of PDA chemistry, highlighting the mechanism of selfpolymerization of dopamine, the exact structure of PDA, and the control factors to manipulate the polymerization process. The second section summarizes the diverse composite sorbents prepared by surface modification strategy based on PDA chemistry, including carbonaceous nanomaterials, porous silicas, inorganic clays, metal-organic frameworks(MOFs), covalent organic frameworks(COFs), as well as polymer nanofibers. The dopamine-assisted surface modification methods for preparing different classes of sorbents are detailed, and the influences on the composition and structure of the obtained sorbents are discussed. The third section focuses on the dopamine modified sorbents for uranium separation. For a better description, the uranium sorbents are classified to be three categories according to the differences in functional groups, i.e., intrinsic PDA coating, PDA/inorganic composite coating, and PDA/polymer composite coating. The adsorption behavior and the mechanism toward uranium are elucidated. Finally, this review identifies the challenges remaining in the area of PDA chemistry mediated synthesis of sorbents and describes the emerging trends and needs in the future.