Abstract: In traditional dry reprocessing, high-temperature molten salt is often used to dissolve uranium oxides. And electrochemical methods are used for separation and purification. As new solvents, ionic liquids have lower melting points, larger electrochemical window, good solubility, and can be designed and modified, which have great development prospects in dissolving uranium oxides. This article summarizes the dissolution of uranium oxides in ionic liquids systems, the separation and purification of uranium, and discusses common characterization methods for the dissolution systems.