Abstract: If not being reprocessed after safe storage period, spent fuel should be disposed as a high-level radioactive waste like vitrified waste. This article reviews some previously work and concludes that air intrusion and water radiolysis produced oxidative products should be the main substances causing oxidative dissolution of spent fuel UO₂ matrix; nuclear fuel leaching experiment results indicate that uranium and other actinides and lanthanides display leaching rate around 1/107 of inventory of corresponding element per day which is an order of magnitude lower than the leaching rates of fission products. Iron metal is selected as the main material of high-level waste disposal containers by various countries due to its low price, high strength and high reducing capacity. In the most unfavorable scenario, where groundwater intrudes into deep geological repository near-field and disposal container is damaged, iron metal reacts with groundwater with generating hydrogen. Hydrogen consumes oxidizing free radicals and molecules produced by radiolysis through redox reaction and reduces the surface of spent fuel to greatly slow down the corrosion and dissolution of spent fuel; the fission product noble metal alloy particles in spent fuel display good catalytic effect on hydrogen; the surface of iron disposal container can reduce and precipitate multivalent nuclides. The authors hope this work is helpful as references in establishing the spent fuel deep geological disposal concept using iron-based metals as disposal container materials.