Abstract: In the pyroreprocessing of nuclear fuel, high-temperature molten salt has the disadvantages of strong corrosiveness and high energy consumption, while ionic liquid, as a low-temperature molten organic salt, has the advantages of low melting point, high ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical window, etc., and is used to recover actinides in nuclear fuel. The composition, classification and characteristics of ionic liquids are introduced, the electrochemical behaviors of actinides(thorium, uranium, neptunium, plutonium, americium) in the first and second generation ionic liquids are reviewed, the existing problems in the electrodeposition of actinides in ionic liquids are summarized, and the key research directions in this field are prospected.