超钚元素化合物共价性的理论研究进展
Recent Theoretical Advances in Bond Covalency of Transplutonium Compounds
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摘要: 超钚元素的物理化学性质十分相似，其相互分离极其困难。一般认为超钚元素的氧化态通常为+3，且性质接近镧系元素。然而近年来的相关研究发现，Bk、Cf元素化合物比Pu、Am、Cm化合物具有更强的共价相互作用。由于超钚元素毒性高、放射性强且大部分为短寿命核素，实验制备和表征十分困难，相关实验数据尤为匮乏。目前理论计算已成为了解超钚元素物理和化学性质的重要手段。本文主要介绍近年来超钚元素（主要为Am、Cm、Bk、Cf）化合物成键性质方面的理论研究进展。Abstract: The physical and chemical properties of transplutonium elements are very similar, and their in-group separation is extremely difficult. It is generally believed that the oxidation state of transplutonium elements is usually +3, and their properties are similar to lanthanides. However, related studies in recent years have found that some Bk, Cf compounds have stronger covalent interactions than Pu, Am, Cm compounds. Since transplutonium elements are high toxicity, strong radioactivity and mostly short-lived nuclides, experimental studies are very difficult, and relevant experimental data are particularly scarce. In recent years, theoretical calculations have become an important means to understand the physical and chemical properties of transplutonium elements. In this review, we summarize recent theoretical advances in the bonding nature of transplutonium(Am, Cm, Bk, Cf) compounds.
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