放射性同位素14C标记瑞德西韦的合成

    Synthesis of Radioisotope 14C Labelled Remdesivir

    • 摘要: 为制备瑞德西韦药代动力学研究所必需的放射性示踪剂,以N, N-二甲基14C甲酰胺为同位素原料,经亲电取代、分子间环化、碘代、亲核加成、羟基保护等十步放射性反应,反相高效液相色谱(HPLC)纯化和手性HPLC拆分获得目标物(217.7 MBq, 光学纯度(ee)>99%),总放化收率为4.3%。经核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、质谱(MS)和在线放射性高效液相色谱(HPLC-FSA)分析确认,目标物为吡咯并三嗪环-4-14C瑞德西韦。放射性薄层成像分析(TLC-IIA)、离线放射性高效液相色谱分析(HPLC-LSC)、在线放射性高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器/质谱联用(HPLC-FSA/PDA/MS)、液体闪烁测量(LSC)和HPLC-MS/MS分析表明,所得标记物的放化纯度和化学纯度均大于98%,比活度为2069.8 MBq/mmol,放射性/非放射性单一杂质含量均小于1%,该标记物可作为示踪剂,用于瑞德西韦的放射性药代动力学等研究。

       

      Abstract: To prepare the radiotracer for the pharmacokinetics study of Remdesivir, the 14C labelled Remdesivir at 4-C in pyrrolo2,1-f1,2,4triazine moiety was synthesized via ten-step reaction. Firstly, nonradioactive 1H-pyrrole was formylated with N,N-dimethyl14Cformamide and phosphorus oxychloride in dichloroethane at 0-15 ℃, followed by cyanidation with hydroxylamine in the solution of potassium hydroxide and amination with O-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydroxylamine in tetrahydrofuran at 0-15 ℃. The resulting product 5 was cyclized with formamidine acetate in the presence of tribasic potassium phosphate in EtOH at 78 ℃, and then iodinated with N-iodosuccinimide to obtain the key intermediate 7-iodo4-14Cpyrrolo2,1-f1,2,4triazin-4-amine(compound 7-1) in DMF at 0 ℃. Secondly, the intermediate 7-1 was substituted by the nonradioactive intermediate 7-2 and then cyanided to achieve the intermediate 9 at −65-−60 ℃. The protecting benzyls in intermediate 9 were deprotected with boron trichloride in dichloromethane at −65-−60 ℃, and two secondary hydroxyls of the deprotected product were selectively protected with acetone in the presence of TsOH in 2,2-dimethoxypropane at 25 ℃. Thirdly, the resulting product 11-1 was phosphated with the nonradioactive intermediate 11-2 and tert-butylmagnesium chloride in tetrahydrofuran at 0-20 ℃, and then deprotected with acetic acid at 100 ℃ to obtain the carbon-14 labelled product Remdesivir as racemic mixture 13. Finally, the target product 14C labelled Remdesivir (compound 2b, 2-ethylbutyl N-((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-amino4-14Cpyrrolo2,1-f1,2,4triazin-7-yl)-5-cyano-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydro-2-furylmethyloxy)(oxo)(phenyloxy)-λ5-phosphanyl-L-alaninate; 217.7 MBq, optical ee>99%) was obtained in the ten-step chemical/radiochemical yield of 4.3% after the purification by using preparative RP-HPLC and resolution of the racemic mixture by using chiral semi-preparative HPLC. The product 2b was compared with the standard sample of nonradioactive Remdesivir and charactered by 1H NMR, ESI-MS, and HPLC-FSA. Its technical data(radiochemical/chemical purity >98%, specific activity 2 069.8 MBq/mmol, content of radioactive/nonradioactive single impurity <1%) was determined by TLC-IIA, HPLC-LSC, HPLC-FSA/PDA/MS, LSC, and HPLC-MS/MS. The following tracing study indicates that the target product can be used as radiotracer in the radiopharmacokinetics study of Remdesivir.

       

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