核素迁移软件(MNS)在核素近场扩散模拟中的应用

    Application of Radionuclides Migration Software(MNS) in Radionuclides Diffusion Modeling

    • 摘要: 预测关键核素在高放废物深地质处置相关介质中的吸附和扩散行为是处置库安全评价的核心之一。中国原子能科学研究院处置化学团队开发了一款核素迁移软件(MNS),该软件通过内嵌GID软件实现三维体系模型建立,依据已有的核素迁移扩散数据代入扩散方程,根据边界条件,求解得到关键核素在二维或三维体系中的浓度分布。该软件的计算原理是基于水的迁移方程和放射性核素的吸附方程;主要计算过程包括前处理和后处理过程。其中,前处理过程主要有空间模型构建和赋值,后处理过程主要包括获得任意位置或时间的关键核素浓度分布以及核素浓度和水流速空间分布等。同时,通过输入相同的初始数据,对比了该软件与成熟软件COMSOL和解析解的计算结果,初步验证了该软件的可靠性。此外,借鉴韩国和瑞典等国较为成熟的处置库设计体系建立了真实尺寸的处置库近场模型,依靠已有的吸附和扩散数据,使用该软件模拟预测了79Se、99Tc和129I在百万年尺度上的扩散过程,初步评估了大气条件下高庙子膨润土和北山花岗岩对这三种关键核素的阻滞能力。模拟结果表明:膨润土能在数万年内有效阻滞79Se、99Tc和129I的扩散,而完整的花岗岩能够在数十万年内有效阻滞79Se、99Tc和129I的扩散, 其中,膨润土和花岗岩对79Se的阻滞效果最好。

       

      Abstract: The prediction of adsorption, diffusion and migration behavior of critical radionuclides in the related media of deep ground disposal of high level radioactive waste(HLW) is one of the cores for the safety evaluation of the HLW disposal repository. The availability of tools for modeling radionuclide diffusion in China remains limited. To satisfy the need of the prediction of radionuclides in long time and large scale, the disposal chemistry team at China Institute of Atomic Energy developed a radionuclide migration software, MNS, which could implement 2D or 3D system modeling by GID software and provide the concentration distribution of radionuclides in desired time and space point. In this research, the basic information of MNS software is introduced, including the calculation mechanism and calculation process, the calculation mechanism is based mainly on the basic equation of water migration, radionuclides adsorption and diffusion. The workflow consists of pre-processing and post-processing stages. Pre-processing involves the construction of spatial models and parameter assignment, such as porosity, mineral density, radionuclide diffusion and migration parameters, and water flow velocity. The post-processing mainly consists of the obtain of the concentration of radionuclides and the distribution of water flow in any desired space point or time. Meanwhile, the results calculated by analytical software, COMSOL and MNS by inputting the same diffusion and adsorption data of critical radionuclides in the same space model were compared. The calculation results are almost the same, verifying preliminarily that this software is reliable. Besides, based on the developed repository design(mainly depend on the mature design of Sweden and Korea) and existing adsorption and diffusion data, the software is used to model the diffusion processes of 79Se, 99Tc and 129I in Gaomiaozi bentonite(the first choice of the buffer materials in deep ground disposal of HLW) and Beishan granite(Beishan is the first selection area for the disposal repository of HLW in China, also the place where the Beishan Underground Research Laboratory is constructed) under the atmospheric conditions on the scale of millions of years. The space model is the ture size of the repository design based on the results, the inhibition property of Gaomiaozi bentonite and Beishan granite to those radionuclides is preliminarily evaluated. The modeling results indicate that bentonite could hinder the diffusion of 79Se, 99Tc and 129I in ten thousands of years and the dense Beishan granite can effectively block the diffusion of 79Se, 99Tc and 129I in hundreds of thousands of years, both Gaomiaozi bentonite and the dense Beishan granite can hinder the diffusion of 79Se better.

       

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