一种针对90Y的淬灭指数及其在90Sr分析中的新应用

    A Quench Index for 90Y and Its New Applications in 90Sr Analysis

    • 摘要: 采用自定义的、针对90Y的淬灭指数qx,结合改进双窗法,建立了一种用液闪仪(有时需要辅以γ谱仪)分析90Sr的方法。使用该方法的前提有两点:(1)样品的淬灭水平较低,90Sr或90Y在全谱范围内的计数效率可以近似为100%;(2)90Y液闪谱图高能部分没有其它β核素的干扰。以高放废液分离热实验的三类真实样品为例,说明了该方法的具体使用步骤。实验采用的样品已达到90Sr/90Y放射性衰变平衡,因此可以用三种思路计算90Sr含量,彼此相互验证。结果表明,用本方法得到的90Sr含量是准确可靠的。本方法只需要对液闪谱图高能部分进行线性拟合,简单、易于操作,使用者可以根据待测样品的特点及分析要求,按应用建议选择合适的分析策略。对于90Sr/90Y样品(可含137Cs),如果90Sr的计数率占比不是太低,用本方法对90Sr含量进行测定时,既不需要进行化学分离,也不需要等待90Sr/90Y放射性衰变平衡。

       

      Abstract: Based on the customized quench index qx for 90Y and the modified 2-window approach, a simple method has been developed to analyze 90Sr using a liquid scintillation spectrometer, sometimes supplemented by γ spectrometer. The liquid scintillation counting(LSC) spectrum of 90Y exhibits good linearity in the high-energy part, on the basis of which qx is defined. The key point of the modified 2-window approach is to obtain the ratio of the count rates of two windows(also known as region of interest, or ROI), CRH/CRW, where CRW is the count rate in ROIW, i.e. the whole region of interest(usually taken as channels 1-1024); CRH is the count rate in ROIH, i.e. the high-energy region of interest. The right endpoint of ROIH is usually fixed at channel 1024, and the left endpoint varies with the quenching level of the sample. This paper provides a method to select the left endpoint of ROIH and to keep the value of CRH/CRW about 0.2779, with the relative standard deviation of 0.84%. There are two prerequisites for using this method: (1) the quenching level of the sample is relatively low, in order that the counting efficiency of 90Sr or 90Y can be approximately considered as 100% in ROIW; (2) there is no interference from other nuclides than 90Y in ROIH. Three types of real samples from the hot test of high-level radioactive waste separation have been analyzed to show the specific steps of using this method. Because of the radioactive equilibrium of 90Sr/90Y in these samples, three ways of calculating the count rate of 90Sr have been adopted to verify each other. The first one is to obtain the count rate of 90Sr by subtracting the count rate of 90Y from the total count rate of 90Sr/90Y. The second one is just to let the count rate of 90Sr be equal to the count rate of 90Y. The third one is to divide the total count rate of 90Sr/90Y by 2 to obtain the count rate of 90Sr. The results indicate that the count rate of 90Sr obtained by this method is accurate and reliable. This method only requires linear fitting of the high-energy part of the LSC spectra. The method is simple and easy to use. With the application suggestions, users can choose appropriate analysis strategies according to the characteristics and analysis requirements of the sample. For analyzing 90Sr in samples of 90Sr/90Y with or without 137Cs, neither chemical separation nor waiting for the radioactive equilibrium of 90Sr/90Y is required, if the count rate of 90Sr is not too low.

       

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