Abstract:
Atmosphere detritiation systems with a catalytic reactor and tritiated water absorber are indispensable in tritium facilities to control the tritium release into the environment. Tritium oxidation catalyst with high performance has been strongly required in a tritium leak accident or low concentration tritium oxidation. The performances of catalysts in tritium oxidation and the effects of various factors on the catalytic performance are reviewed. Noble metals Pt and Pd are widely used as catalysts in tritium catalytic oxidation for their high efficiencies and low catalytic temperature. The tritium fractional conversion of Pt and Pd is close to 100% at room temperature, compared with 500℃ of cupric oxide. In recent years, more efficient catalysts with stable performance are required by the development of nuclear industry. Many techniques, such as depositing dispersive carrier, adding accessory ingredient and reprocessing the catalyst, can be used to improve the performance of catalysts. Structured catalysts, regarded as the combination of catalysts and reactors, are good candidates for tritium oxidation. Honeycomb catalyst, as a kind of structured catalysts, shows excellent catalytic performance for its high specific surface area and low pressure drop. The isotope effect in the process of protium, deuterium and tritium oxidation affects the detritiation efficiency, so the isotope effect should be intensively studied.