UO_2(NO_3)_2-HNO_3-H_2O/30%(体积)TBP-240号煤油体系萃取过程的数学模型Ⅰ.计算铀、酸分配数据的数学模型

    MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF THE SYSTEM OF UO_2(NO_3)_2-HNO_3-H_2O/30%(VOL.)TBP-KERO-SENE IN SOLVENT EXTRACTION PROCESS——I. MODELLING FOR CALCULATING THE DISTRIBUTION COEFFICIENTS OF URANYL NITRATE AND NITRIC ACID

    • 摘要: 当前文献上发表的工作,大都把浓度平衡常数作为离子强度的函数相关联,而这些关联式,目前广泛用作计算分配系数的数学模型的基础。但各研究者所得关联式,虽然都是建立在同一基本原理上,所得计算结果却各不相同。 我们根据质量作用定律,引入了R_U和R_H两个参数,用我们所提供的经验公式可直接从水相硝酸铀酰和硝酸平衡浓度出发,算出R_U和R_H值,然后通过R_U和R_H就能算出有机相中硝度铀酰和硝酸的平衡浓度。用公式算出的结果与实验值比较其偏差分别为8.9%和11.3%。本文所提出的计算公式,对国外杂志发表的200多组数据进行验算,符合情况也较好。

       

      Abstract: In current literatures, it is the usual practice to correlate the pseudo-mass-action equilibrium constants as a function of total ionic strength. At present, these relations are extensively used as the basis of mathematical modelling to calculate the distribution coefficients. However, the correlations obtained by various authors, although based on the same principles, gave results quite different from each other.In order to overcome this shortcoming, aggregative variables RU, RH are being introduced in our work, based on the pseudo-mass-action equilibrium expressions. RU,, RH can be readily calculated from the equilibrium concentrations of uranyl nitrate and nitric acid in aqueous phase with empirical expressions given by the authors. The values of concentrations of uranyl and nitric acid in the organic phase can be finally calculated with RU and RH.The values of concentrations of uranyl nitrate and nitric acid in organic phase calculated from the expressions agree with experimental values with an average deviation of 8.9% and 11.3% for uranyl nitrate and nitric acid respectively.These expressions are better fitted for more than 200 groups of distribution data published in the literature.

       

    /

    返回文章
    返回